En 1986 México había sido el organizador de uno de los mundiales más recordados de la historia, el de la consagración de Diego Armando Maradona. Además, había servido de salvavidas a la FIFA llevando adelante una Copa del Mundo que en un comienzo debía ser organizada por Colombia. México se convertía así en el primer país en ser dos veces anfitrión de un Mundial. El de 1970 también era de los mejores, el de la consagración de Pelé. Nada, pero nada de eso, sirvió para que en 1988, menos de dos años después de México 86, la FIFA le aplicara uno de los castigos más ejemplares de los que se tenga recuerdo, lanzando sobre la mesa varios precedentes. Los aztecas se quedarían afuera de las Clasificatorias y por ende del Mundial Italia 90. En 1989, tras el Maracanazo del Cóndor Rojas, Chile se sumaría a ese vergonzoso grupo de selecciones.
¿Por qué Hugo Sánchez, en su mejor momento en España, se quedaría fuera de Italia 90? En realidad no solo Hugo Sánchez, junto a él, una generación que además tenía a Manuel Negrete, el Abuelo Francisco Javier Cruz, Luis Flores y el Vasco Javier Aguirre se quedarían sin siquiera pelear la posibilidad de ir a la cita italiana. Todos ellos habían saltado a Europa tras México 86, algo que años antes era inaudito para México. Ellos, los consagrados, pagaron los platos por culpa de los dirigentes, y varios juveniles, que adulteraron su partida de nacimiento hasta en siete años para poder competir en torneos Sub 20. El caso fue llamado “Los Cachirules”.
¿Qué es un Cachirulo en México? Tiene varias acepciones y todas calzan con lo que le pasó al Tri. La más popular es el parche que se le pone a la ropa rota. La segunda, venida de eso mismo, es la ropa falsa o de mala calidad. La tercera, la de los “galletas” que suplantan con firma y número a jugadores que no se presentan en las ligas amateur de México que se rigen con planillas. La cuarta, “Cachirulo”, el nombre de un personaje infantil caracterizado por un adulto, que era famoso en la TV de México a fines de los 80. Las cuatro definiciones calzan justo en el “El Cachirulazo” o “Los Cachirules”, jugadores mexicanos que participaron entre diciembre de 1987 y abril de 1988 en dos torneos juveniles Sub 20. El primero que buscaba clasificar a los JJOO de Seúl 1988, y el segundo en busca de cupos mundialistas al Mundial Sub 20 de Arabia Saudita 1989. Al menos cuatro de los jugadores de esas nóminas tenían documentos falsos. Con los años se supo algo peor, solo dos de diecinueve se salvaron de la irregularidad: el Tato Noriega y Víctor Manuel Ruiz, quienes luego fueron seleccionados adultos en los 90 y los 2000.
La falsa fue descubierta por los propios periodistas mexicanos que hicieron muy bien su trabajo. Primero, Antonio Moreno y Alfredo Ruiz recurrieron a un completo anuario de 1987, publicado en 1988, un documento oficial hecho por la propia Federación Mexicana de Fútbol. Tal como los especiales de Don Balón, la publicación traía información completa de todos los jugadores del fútbol mexicano. Ahí, las fechas de nacimiento de algunos jugadores de la Sub 20 no coincidían con la presentada antes del Preolímpico y el Pre Mundial Sub 20. La información fue dada a conocer por los periodistas de forma anónima y solapada en un diario, presentada como “los riesgos de jugar con documentación falsa”. El presidente de la Federación. Rafael del Castillo Ruiz, acusó recibo y amenazó a los periodistas. Parecía que todo quedaría ahí si es que la FIFA no se daba por enterada.
Pero no, no quedó ahí. Un famoso periodista de TV, una especie de Pedro Carcuro mexicano, ahora hizo la acusación con nombre y apellido ante sus millones de televidentes. Se trataba de José Ramón Fernández, hasta hoy hombre ancla de Fox Sports primero y ESPN después, una cara recurrente en el cable en las coberturas de las Copa América y las Copa del Mundo. El guante lo tomaron los demás medios mexicanos. Ya no se podía tapar el escándalo. El 17 de abril de 1988 el diario La Jornada publicaba el primer acta de nacimiento modificada a nombre del delantero José Luis Mata, mostrando que se pasaba de la edad máxima por cuatro años. El 28 de abril, el programa A la Misma Hora dio a conocer las verdaderas actas de nacimiento del delantero Gerardo Jiménez y de José de la Fuente, ambos con dos años más de la edad afirmada por la FMF. Finalmente de nuevo La Jornada publicó otra acta, esta vez del defensa y capitán Aurelio Rivera, mostrando que excedía la edad reglamentaria por ¡¡siete años!!
Guatemala, que se vería favorecida para ir a los JJOO de Seúl, ayudada por EEUU, presentó la denuncia a la Concacaf y la FIFA. La investigación llegó a buen puerto y los castigos fueron severos. Castigos de por vida a los dirigentes y también a los jugadores involucrados para jugar torneos internacionales Concacaf, prohibición de seguir jugando el Pre Mundial S20 de Arabia y castigo por dos años a las selecciones juveniles del TRI. La sanción era inapelable, pero los aztecas no hicieron caso. Días después recurrieron a Joseph Blatter, Secretario General de la FIFA, al mismo tiempo que despotricaban por los medios de comunicación. El desacato no cayó nada de bien en Zurich y el castigo empeoró, sentando otro precedente ante las sentencias “inapelables”.
En junio de 1988 la FIFA amplió el castigo. Por el desacato posterior, dejó a México afuera de los JJOO, donde el estamento tenía injerencia, y los sacó además de las Eliminatorias rumbo a Italia 90, permitiendo con eso la clasificación de un incipiente EEUU y la revolucionada Costa Rica. La participación de los Tony Meola, Tab Ramos y Luis Gabelo Conejo reemplazó a los Hugo Sánchez, Manuel Negrete o el Vasco Aguirre, generación que había terminado novena en el Mundial anterior y que había ganado experiencia en Europa. Como Chile, los hinchas y una gran generación de jugadores tuvieron que ver Italia 90 por TV. La FIFA había estado implacable con el uso de documentación falsa primero, y con la apelación de un “sentencia inapelable” después. El inicio de un precedente.
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